Tag: books


  • Book Notes 2.0

    I debuted my Book Notes page last year as a way to house all the notes and quotes I’ve gathered from my decades of reading. Now there’s an updated version with some added functionality—take a look!

    More about the why and how behind these changes:

    • I wanted to be able to link to a dedicated page for each book’s notes, rather than to an HTML anchor on one giant mile-long page that contained the notes from all 130+ books, which is how it used to be.
    • I used Advanced Custom Fields for the custom post format and Filter Everything for the filtering options.
    • I went through every single one by myself to clean up the notes formatting, make sure the metadata was correct, and upload my preferred cover images.
    • In each one I include my rating, when I read it, and (when applicable) a link to a related blog post about it. Not all of them have an associated blog post, just whichever ones I felt compelled to write something about over the years.

    There was probably a more efficient way to accomplish this through AI or vibe coding or an all-in-one plugin. But I’m not into that. As tedious as it was, I enjoyed the drudgery of shaping this corner of my digital garden by hand.

    Poke around and shoot me a note if you encounter any weirdness with it.




  • Reading in decline? Barnes & Noble is un-Daunt-ed

    This long New Yorker profile of Barnes & Noble CEO and longtime bookstore tycoon James Daunt was fascinating if you’re a bookish nerd like me. I wrote about Daunt before in the context of B&N’s positive turnaround, but this piece was more about its place in the ongoing discourse about the supposed “decline of reading”. Here are some bits I found especially noteworthy.

    Shoutout to Bill Nighy, a real one: 

    Daunt Books grew for years as a quiet shop with a devoted following. “You felt the people who worked there were believers,” the actor Bill Nighy, a regular since the nineties, said. (He continues to give people its book-subscription service at Christmas. “If anyone knew how much time and money I spend in bookshops, they would say, ‘What the fuck?’” he said. “It is made more delicious by the fact that books were dead, officially, about ten years ago.”) 

    Why bookstores are a fundamentally different business from Amazon:

    The idea that consumer companies are in the stuff business is still Amazon’s longest shadow. Enterprises plowing the creative fields now call their products “content.” If goods are interchangeable—if it’s all just stuff—then market success must be the result of efficiencies in the delivery systems, and we are wise to focus on those, not the qualities of individual works.

    By 2011, Daunt had developed a different philosophy. He had spent two decades on the shop floor, studying what customers bought and didn’t buy and why. Books, he knew, were not like laundry detergent. Decisions rarely happened categorically or in bulk; everything came down to whether the specific thing in front of you—that book, this shop—was good enough to draw you in. If powerful growth was to be had in the book business, that specificity would have to remain central. 

    Why e-readers didn’t overtake print and why AI is the new Kindle:

    When Daunt arrived at Waterstones, bookselling was in a panic about the Kindle, said to be poised to replace paper books. Daunt was doubtful: he’d used the product. And he’d seen the advent of the personal computer during his time as a banker, when the arrival of the I.B.M. XT had carried him and his peers up the ranks. But books were more like rubber bands or bottle openers than like computers: their form was largely unimprovable for their function. Daunt had the Kindles displayed in every Waterstones. They sold quickly at first, then slowly, and then, booksellers told me, Kindle buyers began returning for books. Today, the e-reader market has plateaued at some ten per cent of traditional publishers’ revenue, while about seventy-five per cent comes from paper books, a technology essentially unchanged since the nineteenth century.

    Now we are having a Kindle moment with A.I., which has seemingly started to affect the sales of self-help and pop-business titles—the kinds of books, Joel Miller pointed out to me, that present themselves as answers to such prompts as “How do I” or “I want to.” But the claim that A.I. writing threatens to replace novels, archival histories, reported narrative, and so on, seems a naïve insult to readers, and major publishers have avoided A.I. work. As far as the shelves of the bookstore are concerned, A.I. writing is a technology without a market.

    Love this natural blending of old and new:

    As Daunt waited, he checked the pyramids. Early on at Daunt Books, he and Wolstencroft found that, if they placed unknown début-fiction titles on their own, people shied away, but, if they interposed known books of a similar flavor, customers bought both. Presenting the new in the context of the old allowed readers to orient themselves.

    Reading as a social activity:

    For most of us, ideas about the state of literature are the result of a cohort experience. Reading is private—or has been since at least the sixth century, before which the Western habit was to read everything aloud. But conversing about reading is a social activity. If you were of a certain cohort in a certain time, you might remember everybody talking about “Primary Colors,” or “Guns, Germs, and Steel,” or “White Teeth.” To be ensconced within a reading cohort is bliss, and falling off the cart can be demoralizing. “Within the industry, we’re very used to there being a golden age and it being just over,” one publisher told me dryly. “The moment of decline usually depends on the age of the person telling the story.”

    Reading as traveling:

    Travelling, like reading, is a reminder of the impossibility of communicating across territories—but also evidence that, somehow, we always do.

    On free speech and censorship:

    The politics of bookselling, as Daunt sees them, are pragmatic and pluralist. “I think booksellers, as a tribe, almost universally believe in principles of liberalism, which means that we’re politically of the left—not in a punching-with-Bernie way, though plenty will be, but in a commitment to diverse societies,” he said. Under his aegis, Barnes & Noble has joined with publishers to wage legal battles against content restrictions in Texas and Virginia, like those used to limit the distribution of L.G.B.T.Q.-themed books. But it has also supported its shop in Cheyenne, Wyoming, which mounted a display of maga books: the local taste. “We can’t believe in free speech and the importance of resisting censorship and then censor ourselves,” Daunt said.




  • Requiem for a Mad Farmer

    RIP Wendell Berry.

    A select writer with his own tag on this blog, he was a rare triple threat in fiction, nonfiction, and poetry. I love his novels Hannah Coulter and Jayber Crow as much as Life is a Miracle: An Essay Against Modern Superstition, his advocacy for the preservation of tangibility, his documentary, and his many poems—like “Manifesto: The Mad Farmer Liberation Front” and “A Homecoming”, which we had read during our wedding ceremony:

    One faith is bondage. Two are free.
    In the trust of old love,
    cultivation shows a dark
    graceful wilderness at its heart.
    Wild in that wilderness, we roam
    the distances of our faith,
    safe beyond the bounds of what we know.
    O love, open.
    Show me my country.
    Take me home.

    Do yourself a favor and dive into any of it.




  • Media of the moment

    An ongoing series

    Nirvanna the Band the Show the Movie. A delightfully lo-fi sci-fi goof centered around Back to the Future? You know I’d be into it. If there were any justice in the world Matt Johnson would get an Oscar nod for his wonderful, wacky performance. 

    The Odyssey. Truly what cinema is for. Zeus’s law requires that I commend movies like this for taking religion and myth seriously in all their weight and weirdness (complimentary). My first time in literal decades seeing a movie in IMAX as I usually don’t care about the format and would rather see a movie more cheaply, but I just had to make sure I saw the entirety of Agamemnon’s helmet and all the other goshdarn epic happenings.

    True Color: The Strange and Spectacular Quest to Define Color by Kory Stamper. The author of my favorite book of 2017 is back with another one about dictionaries and the ubernerds who make them.

    How to Live, or a Life of Montaigne by Sarah Bakewell. As a blogger I appreciated learning a lot about the OG blogger/essayist and his era of the French Wars of Religion. Life was already hard enough during that time and then they added brutal religious violence? People, man…

    Pressure. While this is not great, it’s a first-ballot Dad Movie Hall of Famer, and I for one welcome the prospect of Band of Brothers alums—in this case Damian Lewis and Andrew Scott—getting back together to reenact World War II stories.

    Obsession. I’ve been out of the dating scene since 2012. Knew things were bad out there but didn’t realize this bad…

    Toy Story 5. This got me good a few times, probably because I went with my 7 and 3 year olds, the first time in a theater for the latter.

    If I Go Will They Miss Me. An achingly intimate movie with a magical-realist take on the universal experience of dads trying to outrun what we see reflected back by the mini versions of ourselves.




  • Myself on Shelf Source

    Zachary Kai runs a series on his site called Shelf Source featuring “readers who share books they love on their sites.” He reached out about me completing the questionnaire, and as I am all too eager to talking about books and reading I was happy to obliged.

    Check it out here to learn which book changed how I think about the internet, which book I’ve recommended the most, and more.




  • Media of the moment

    An ongoing series

    This Is A Gardening Show. Heard about this new Zach Galifianakis limited series on Netflix from friends, and it’s a delight. Funny, informative, family- friendly. Great hang.

    Project Hail Mary. Saw this with some dad friends, which felt appropriate since it’s both very dad-coded but also widely appealing as its box office shows. Deliberately did not read the book because I knew the movie was coming. (One of my controversial opinions apparently.)

    Lost and Found in the Cathedral of Cinema. I read this new movie memoir from film critic Jeffrey Overstreet in advance of interviewing him for Cinema Sugar. Extremely up my alley and a pleasure to read.

    Late Shift. Reviewed and really dug this new Swiss-German film for Cinema Sugar. Like if The Pitt had a wearier, no-nonsense European cousin.

    KPop Demon Hunters. Very late to this mega-phenomenon, but now I’m in. The “How It’s Done” opening was one of the most electrifying movie sequences last year.

    A Wizard of Earthsea. Wanted to read a short fantasy novel and this Ursula Le Guin book hit the spot. Just really liked living in this world and her writing.




  • My sons’ media of the moment

    A spinoff of an ongoing series

    A Real Bug’s Life. This National Geographic miniseries on Disney+ uses macrophotography to capture tiny insects in dramatized settings, supplemented by Awkwafina’s affable narration.

    Monsters, Inc. Before ever even seeing the movie, the two year old got absolutely transfixed by a figurine of Mike Wazowski (or as he calls him: “Mike Kadowki”), so we had to watch this and Monsters University. Good stuff!

    The Book with No Pictures. The seven year old is back into this great (non)picture book in a big way, something that keeps happening.

    Daniel Tiger. Still the toddler’s go-to, to the point where the “Brush Your Teeth with Daniel Tiger” video became part of his bedtime routine to distract him enough to let us brush his teeth.

    Ada Twist, Scientist. As kids shows go, this Netflix one based on the “Questioneers” book series by Andrea Beaty is better than the average if only because of its emphasis on science, imagination, and teamwork. The seven year old recently said he wants to be a scientist when he grows up, and books/shows like this are probably a big part why.




  • Don’t read the book before the movie

    I say this as both a librarian who loves books and a cinephile who loves movies: Do not read the book before seeing the movie. 

    I cannot emphasize this enough. 

    Whenever there’s a new movie coming out that’s based on a book, people will think “Oh, I gotta read that so I’m ready for the movie.”

    Why? Ready for what? Knowing all the characters and important story beats and plot twists ahead of time doesn’t make you ready for anything except disappointment. 

    The movie is never the same as the book. Whether it’s better or worse or something in between, either way it’s a completely different art form that did not get your full attention because you were constantly comparing it to the book. 

    When you save the book for after the movie, it’s like getting an extended director’s cut that includes so much more material, and lets you dive into that world even deeper with characters and details that weren’t captured on screen. Sometimes that experience will cause some whiplash or dissonance with what you saw in the movie, but remember: it’s different by design. Embrace that and lean in!

    Ultimately, you should read and watch whatever you want, whenever you want. Period. Just beware of what you gain and lose with these book-to-movie adaptations.

    Update: turned this take into a Reel, which people had *thoughts* about:




  • Movies with their own making-of book

    There are tons of books about filmmaking and filmmakers, but I have a particular appreciation for books written about just one specific movie. These microhistories (a genre I love) go deep on their film’s influences, development, production, and extended cultural relevance, and through that can tell us a lot about the power of cinema beyond opening weekend.

    Because I’m a psycho, I’ve slowly been accumulating a list of all the books I could find that fall into this category. Some are written by people involved with the film’s production, while others are by journalists or critics. I’ve read several of them but far from all, so this list is aspirational as much as informational.

    See below for what I’ve gathered thus far, listed alphabetically by film title. I also created a list on Letterboxd and will update both as I discover more. Let me know if I’m missing any!

    [Updated August 2026]

    (more…)



  • The secret life of nonfiction book subtitles

    As a lover of nonfiction books, I’ve noticed many of the same phrases being used for subtitles—something that doesn’t happen with fiction since “A Novel” or “Stories” are basically the only options. Some templates I’ve noticed:

    • The Secret/Private Life of
    • [X] in an Age of [Y]
    • A Traveler’s Guide to
    • The Race to
    • A History of the World in
    • How [X] Explains [Y]

    What else should be on the list?




  • Favorite Books of 2025

    Continuing the trend of the last few years, this is a “books I managed to read” list rather than a curated selection of favorites as my reading hit an all-time low. I could blame any number of attention grabbers in my life, but ultimately I’m just not In My Reading Era like I used to be.

    Still, here are the titles that tickled my fancy in 2025, with links to anything I wrote about them.

    Apple in China: The Capture of the World’s Greatest Company by Patrick McGee

    Everything Is Tuberculosis: The History and Persistence of Our Deadliest Infection by John Green

    Lost in the Stream: How Algorithms Redefined the Way Movies Are Made and Watched by Jeff Rauseo

    Stolen Focus: Why You Can’t Pay Attention—and How to Think Deeply Again by Johann Hari

    Finders Keepers: A Tale of Archaeological Plunder and Obsession by Craig Childs

    The Phone Book: The Curious History of the Book That Everyone Uses But No One Reads by Ammon Shea

    Revenge of the Tipping Point: Overstories, Superspreaders, and the Rise of Social Engineering by Malcolm Gladwell

    The Demon of Unrest: A Saga of Hubris, Heartbreak, and Heroism at the Dawn of the Civil War by Erik Larson

    The Only Plane in the Sky: An Oral History of 9/11 by Garrett Graff

    Custodians of Wonder: Ancient Customs, Profound Traditions, and the Last People Keeping Them Alive by Eliot Stein

    Surely You Can’t Be Serious: The True Story of Airplane! by David Zucker, Jim Abrahams & Jerry Zucker




  • Media of the moment

    An ongoing series

    Christmas music. ‘Tis the season! Some newer albums I’ve been enjoying: Happy Golden Days by The Arcadian Wild, Sleigher by Ben Folds, and Family Christmas Album Vol. II by The Oh Hellos.

    Homestar Runner. I didn’t realize this web series was still around, but browsing the website was a blast from my high-school past when this became an early-2000s pre-social media viral phenomenon. Episode #4 of Teen Girl Squad contains two quotes that remain with me to this day: “Y’all are so wack.” “Wiggidy-wack?” “Nope, just regular type”. And: “Grood. I mean good. And great. Great and good.”

    Little Old You by The Okee Dokee Brothers. A new Okee Dokee Brothers album is like a national holiday in our household, so we’re very much enjoying this new one. Favorite track so far: “Apple of My Eye”

    Death By Lightning. This Netflix miniseries adaptation of Candace Millard’s Death of the Republic (one of the best books of the 2010s) is textbook Chad, and also kind of a silly melodrama. If I didn’t know its context and backstory I would have so many questions about this stranger-than-fiction saga.

    Apple in China: The Capture of the World’s Greatest Company by Patrick McGee. I can’t remember which blogger recommended it, but this book is a fascinating history of Apple’s place in the global economy over the last 30 years. I’d forgetten how much the one-two punch of the iPod and iTunes for Windows skyrocketed Apple into the stratosphere. RIP to my beloved 3rd generation iPod Classic 🥲

    Forward by The Swell Season. I’m enjoying this new album from Glen Hansard and Markéta Irglová, which feels like a spiritual sequel to Once.




  • My sons’ media of the moment

    A spinoff of an ongoing series

    A Minecraft Movie. We watched this a few weeks ago as a special treat and the Minecraft-obsessed six year old was completely locked in. (To be clear, he’s never played the actual game but has absorbed a lot about it from books and his friends.)

    Books. The two year old’s current favorites: Stir Crack Whisk Bake: A Little Book About Little Cakes, Spooky Celebrations Around the World by Matt Ralphs & Veronica Kotyk, Daniel Tiger’s Potty Time, and more. The 6 year old’s current favorites: pretty much just Hilo graphic novel series.

    Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood. Just like his brother at this age, the two year old has become a regular in the ‘Hood—both through the show itself and the Tonies and Yotos.




  • Three layers of focus

    In his book Stolen Focus: Why You Can’t Pay Attention—and How to Think Deeply Again, Johann Hari quotes former Google strategist James Williams about what he classifies as three types of focus.

    1. Spotlight:

    This is when you focus on “immediate actions,” like, “I’m going to walk into the kitchen and make a coffee.” You want to find your glasses. You want to see what’s in the fridge. You want to finish reading this chapter of my book. It’s called the spotlight because as I explained earlier—it involves narrowing down your focus. If your spotlight gets distracted or disrupted, you are prevented from carrying out near-term actions like these.

    2. Starlight:

    This is the focus you can apply to your “longer-term goals—projects over time.” You want to write a book. You want to set up a business. You want to be a good parent. It’s called the starlight because when you feel lost, you look up to the stars, and you remember the direction you are traveling in. If you become distracted from your starlight, he said, you “lose sight of the longer-term goals.” You start to forget where you are headed.

    3. Daylight:

    This is the form of focus that makes it possible for you to know what your longer-term goals are in the first place. How do you know you want to write a book? How do you know you want to set up a business? How do you know what it means to be a good parent? Without being able to reflect and think clearly, you won’t be able to figure these things out.

    He gave it this name because it’s only when a scene is flooded with daylight that you can see the things around you most clearly. If you get so distracted that you lose your sense of the daylight, James says, “In many ways you may not even be able to figure out who you are, what you wanted to do, [or] where you want to go.” …

    You can only find your starlight and your daylight if you have sustained periods of reflection, mind-wandering, and deep thought. James has come to believe that our attention crisis is depriving us of all three of these forms of focus. We are losing our light.




  • Shift Happens

    As a certified typewriter person, of course I’d be interested in Marcin Winchary’s magnificent book Shift Happens: A Book About Keyboards. But I didn’t think I’d actually be able to read it since it was a popular Kickstarter project that went for a cool $150 for the two-volume set before selling out.

    That is until I thought to check if I could borrow it through interlibrary loan, and sure enough I could. (Libraries to the rescue, baby. As always.) The only catch was I had to read it at the library instead of bringing it home, presumably to prevent a pricy book from disappearing. Which was fine: I just brought my six year old along and he perused his favorite graphic novels while I dove into this wonderful work of art, history, and typewriter glory.

    Fancy photos courtesy of the Shift Happens website.

    It’s hard to overstate just how beautiful the book is, both as an object and how the content is laid out. Everything is thoughtfully designed, all the way down to the footnote symbols:

    The book’s two volumes focus on the two major epochs in keyboard history: the origins and development of typewriters, and the keyboard’s advancement into computers and smartphones. (There’s also a bonus making-of booklet wherein Winchary goes into greater detail about the project’s conception and implementation.) Along the way there’s some really great writing on the burgeoning business of typewriters in the late 19th century, the QWERTY vs. Dvorak drama, and other delightful details die-hard typists will dig.

    I appreciated this bit of context-setting on Christopher Latham Sholes, one of the inventors of the typewriter:

    Sholes worked in a relative vacuum of technology. There were no tall buildings, and the few business offices that existed were coarse. Weller described them as having “rough, bare floors, box wood stoves, sawdust cuspidors and Windsor chairs and smoke-blackened walls.” The most complex object in most people’s homes was a manual sewing machine. The main source of entertainment at home was typically a piano; home radios were still half a century away, with television to follow twenty-five years after them. The telegraph allowed the flow of Morse code across continents, having crossed the Atlantic a few years earlier. But the first successful test of a telephone was nine years away, the Edison lightbulb another twelve, and electrification of cities and factories decades ahead.

    There’s also this passage from the chapter on touch typing about the equivalent terms for “hunt and peck” in different countries, which, as a hunt-and-peck typist myself, I found delightful and even inspiring:

    The Dutch call it “poking.” In Portuguese, it’s “key-per-key typing.” Germans have the most complicated word, of course: Adlersuchsystem, which translates as “an eagle search system,” imagining an eagle circling above the keys, striking from up high once in a while. In Hebrew it’s not uncommon to refer to casual typing as “doctor’s typing,” and in Slovak as “the police method,” singling out the professions apparently unable to learn touch typing. In Colombia, touch typing comes with a beautiful term, mecanografia, which for simple typing mutates into the colloquial chuzografia: “poke-o-graphy.” Some languages recognize even non-touch-typing technique as something to admire. Brazil’s catar milho can be translated as “collecting corn.” The Swedish call it pekfingervalsen – or, the index finger waltz. And then there’s the Japanese 雨だれタイピング、which means “raindrop typing.”

    (See the rest of my notes and quotes.)

    I doff my cap to Winchary’s dedication and care for every aspect of this endeavor, and am simply grateful for its existence. Consult WorldCat and your local library to see if it’s nearby or could be delivered to you. It’s definitely worth the postage.




  • Media of the moment

    An ongoing series

    The Naked Gun (2025). Cheers to a movie that knows exactly what it is and how to be that for just the right amount of time. Still giggling about random bits from this days later.

    Weapons. I’m typically a matinee guy but I stayed up past my bedtime to go see this in a theater, and I’m glad I did. We were in whatever you call this thing together.

    A Little Prayer. The kind of movie that inspires you to listen more intently to the birds singing outside your window in the morning, or linger longer at a park bench. ‘Twas a pleasure chatting with the writer/director Angus MacLachlan about this movie, Jane Levy’s knockout performance, and more.

    Lost in the Stream: How Algorithms Redefined the Way Movies Are Made and Watched by Jeff Rauseo. Wrote a review of this over at Cinema Sugar.

    The Assessment. It’s been a minute since a movie gave me as many belly laughs of recognition as chills up my spine like this one did. 

    Revenge of the Tipping Point: Overstories, Superspreaders, and the Rise of Social Engineering by Malcolm Gladwell. Gladwell’s acquired a bit of a divisive reputation, but he remains a great writer with unique and insightful perspectives. Not to mention a great podcast guest.

    Eephus. Gonna be a great autumnal rewatch. 

    Sinners. This has several A+, capital-C Cinema sequences that had me thinking “Here we go, hell yeah.” It also had a lot of stitching around them that perhaps a rewatch will feel more seamless but on the first go seemed to stick out a little. Overall though, an absolute pleasure to see an original film by an amazing auteur and inspired creative team.




  • Media of the moment

    An ongoing series

    Black Bag. Felt great to see an honest-to-god movie in the theater with a delightfully twisty plot and inspired casting that made me feel as warm and fuzzy as the film’s lighting. Wouldn’t be surprised to find this on my best-of-2025 list. 

    The Demon of Unrest by Erik Larson. Turns out there was a lot of drama leading up to the Civil War…

    Lincoln. Rewatched this after finishing The Demon of Unrest as a kind of Civil War bookend. Daniel Day-Lewis’s win for Best Actor might be the most deserving Oscar ever awarded.

    The Pitt. Been watching this Max series that’s an unofficial ER reboot and my hat is off to anyone who chooses to become and remain an emergency nurse.

    A Complete Unknown. I’m not a dyed-in-the-wool Dylan fan like many white dudes around my age and above, so perhaps that’s why I didn’t fall for this as hard as others, Chalamet’s excellent performance aside.

    Parasite. Yes this is dramatic and tragic and twisted and all that, but it’s also so damn funny. “Leave it—free fumigation.” 💀💀💀

    Mary Poppins Returns. No one can touch Julie Andrews’ singing voice, but Emily Blunt really nails the other Poppins vibes.




  • The Demon of Unrest

    I just finished reading Erik Larson’s latest book The Demon of Unrest: A Saga of Hubris, Heartbreak, and Heroism at the Dawn of the Civil War. It’s about the military and diplomatic machinations surrounding the Fort Sumter crisis, including South Carolina’s role in fomenting secession and Lincoln’s journey to Washington D.C. and the presidency.

    I saved a couple passages that I enjoyed for various reasons. Here’s one featuring General Winfield Scott, who was in charge of defending D.C. and the Capitol building during the contested electoral count process in February 1861:

    The throng outside grew annoyed at being barred from entry and began firing off obscenities like grapeshot. If words could kill, one observer wrote, “the amount of profanity launched forth against the guards would have completely annihilated them.” Much of this tirade was aimed at General Scott. It had no effect. He vowed that anyone who obstructed the count would be “lashed to the muzzle of a twelve-pounder and fired out of the window of the Capitol.” Scott would then “manure the hills of Arlington with the fragments of his body.”

    Love that FAFO energy from Scott. There was also this bit about President Buchanan’s Secretary of War John Floyd:

    By now the war secretary had become a deeply controversial figure and an embarrassment to President Buchanan, which was saying something, since the administration itself was widely considered to be an embarrassment. Floyd was deemed by many to be a paragon of corruption, and a traitor to boot.

    He had become embroiled in a financial scandal dating to 1858 that resulted in $870,000 in federal funds—equivalent to over thirty-two million in twenty-first-century dollars—being looted from the U.S. Treasury and the Department of Interior.

    An embarrassing, corrupt administration with a controversial cabinet member looting federal funds? History doesn’t repeat itself at all…

    And this exchange between General Beauregard and Major Whiting, who was scrambling to prepare the Confederate contingent surrounding Fort Sumter:

    The island’s batteries had been ordered to be “in readiness,” Whiting wrote, but all he saw was confusion. “We are ready, perhaps, to open fire, but we are not ready to support it,” he told Beauregard on Thursday, April 11. “For God’s sake have this post inspected by yourself, or some one else competent, before you open fire. I am alone here, as you know, and heretofore have been exclusively occupied with the construction of batteries.” One newly arrived contingent of men was “helter-skelter,” he complained; all were volunteers. “There are no regulars here at all.” Beauregard tried to calm him. “Things always appear worst at first sight when not perfect,” he wrote. “We cannot delay now.”

    Some mindful leadership from Beauregard right there. Too bad he was a traitor!

    Also wanted to shoutout this quote from Captain Abner Doubleday, who was part of the Union garrison defending Fort Sumter:

    Doubleday led the first group to the guns in the casemates that faced the Iron Battery at Cummings Point on Morris Island, due south. “In aiming the first gun fired against the rebellion I had no feeling of self-reproach,” he wrote, “for I fully believed that the contest was inevitable, and was not of our seeking.” As Doubleday saw it, he was fighting for the survival of the United States. “The only alternative was to submit to a powerful oligarchy who were determined to make freedom forever subordinate to slavery.”

    Kudos to Doubleday for not obeying in advance.